Detection of hydrogen cyanide in selected anti-malarial plants in Southwest Nigeria Détection de cyanure d'hydrogène dans certaines plantes antipaludiques du sud-ouest du Nigéria
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Abstract
Background: Cyanogenic glycosides are toxic secondary metabolites produced by plants. The safety of antimalaria plant decoctions consumed by Nigerian indigenes is of great concern.
Objectives: This study aimed to identify and quantify cyanogenic glycosides in selected anti-malarial plants.
Methods: Phytochemical screening, qualitative and quantitative tests were carried out on each sample to detect presence of cyanide. Instrumental methods including Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and UltraViolet Spectroscopy (UV) were employed to detect hydrogen cyanide in the plants. Data were analyzed using a standard calibration curve.
Results: The yield percentages varied, Lawsonia inermis leaves had the highest yield at 10.21 % w/w. phytochemical screening indicated presence of steroids, saponins, flavonoids, and cardiac glycosides but absence of cyanogenic glycosides. Both qualitative and quantitative results showed negative cyanide concentration in all samples. FTIR analysis suggested the presence of nitriles in Lawsonia inermis, however, UV analysis confirmed the absence of cyanide.
Conclusion: These findings indicate that the selected plants, do not contain harmful cyanide levels.
Résumé
Contexte: Les glycosides cyanogènes sont des métabolites secondaires toxiques produits par les plantes. L'innocuité des décoctions de plantes antipaludiques consommées par les populations autochtones du Nigéria suscite de vives préoccupations.
Objectifs: Cette étude visait à identifier et à quantifier les glycosides cyanogènes dans certaines plantes antipaludiques.
Méthodes: Des analyses phytochimiques, qualitatives et quantitatives ont été réalisées sur chaque échantillon afin de détecter la présence de cyanure. Des méthodes instrumentales, notamment la spectroscopie infrarouge à transformée de Fourier (FTIR) et la spectroscopie ultraviolette (UV), ont été utilisées pour détecter le cyanure d'hydrogène dans les plantes. Les données ont été analysées à l'aide d'une courbe d'étalonnage standard.
Résultats: Les pourcentages de rendement ont varié, les feuilles de Lawsonia inermis présentant le rendement le plus élevé (10.21 % p/p). L'analyse phytochimique a révélé la présence de stéroïdes, de saponines, de flavonoïdes et de glycosides cardiotoniques, mais l'absence de glycosides cyanogènes Les résultats qualitatifs et quantitatifs ont tous indiqué une concentration négative en cyanure dans l'ensemble des échantillons. L'analyse FTIR a suggéré la présence de nitriles dans Lawsonia inermis; toutefois, l'analyse UV a confirmé l'absence de cyanure.
Conclusion: Ces résultats indiquent que les plantes sélectionnées ne contiennent pas de niveaux nocifs de cyanure.
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