The importance of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) in the mitigation of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)
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Abstract
Background: Antimicrobials are a class of drugs used to treat infections caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses and protozoa. They are an extremely valuable resource across the spectrum of modern medicine. Their development has been linked with dramatic reductions in communicable disease mortality, and has facilitated technological advances in cancer therapy, transplantation, and surgery. But with the development of resistance to these antimicrobials, their usefulness is being threatened with associated worse outcomes for patients and higher costs of healthcare.
Objectives: For these reasons, there is a need for implementing antimicrobial stewardship programs or interventions. While antimicrobial resistance is on the increase, antimicrobial drug development is slowing down, hence the importance of AMS in ensuring optimal use of antimicrobials.
Methods: A search of existing literature on antimicrobial stewardship was carried out. Literature databases such as Google Scholar, Elsevier, PubMed, and Scopus were engaged in the review work.
Results: The formation of an antimicrobial stewardship team necessitates an interdisciplinary composition, comprising professionals such as infectious disease (ID) specialists, hospital pharmacists, and clinical microbiologists, each equipped with substantial expertise and professional commitment in the realms of infection diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.
Conclusion: Antimicrobial Stewardship will help in optimizing antimicrobial therapy and mitigating antimicrobial resistance. However, there is a need to ensure policy and guidelines formulation, enforcement and monitoring.
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