Treatment outcomes of tuberculosis patients with diabetes mellitus in a secondary health facility in Lagos Nigeria.
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Abstract
Background: The presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has been shown by a growing body of evidence to be a risk factor for tuberculosis (TB) and co-infected patients may show poor response to TB treatment as both diseases interact negatively.
Objectives: This study is aimed at determining associated factors and comparing the treatment outcomes of TB patients living with and without DM in a secondary care TB treatment facility in Lagos state, Nigeria.
Methods: A retrospective review of patients records above 18 years' enrolled between 1st January 2011 and 31st December 2012 in a secondary care TB treatment facility in Lagos state was carried out.
Results: A total of 424 records of TB patients were reviewed, out of which 36 (8.5%) had DM. Mean age of TBDM patients (50.0±12.8) was higher than for TB-only patients (34.1±13.8). Male: Female ratio of TBDM and TB only patients was comparable. All TBDM patients had pulmonary TB. Of these, proportion of smear negativity (72.2%) was significantly higher than TB only patients (34.9%, p <0.001). More TBDM patients (38.9%) compared to TB only patients (20.6%) had poor treatment outcomes (p = 0.012).
Conclusion: The prevalence of TBDM was substantial and it was associated with advanced age, smear negative sputum result and poor treatment outcomes. Concurrent management of both diseases should be considered to improve treatment outcomes.
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